Hermann Broch (1886-1951) is remembered among English-speaking readers for his novels The Sleepwalkers and The Death of Virgil, and among German-speaking readers for his novels as well as his works on moral and political philosophy, his aesthetic theory, and his varied criticism. This study reveals Broch as a major historian as well, one who believes that true historical understanding requires the faculties of both poet and philosopher. Through an analysis of the changing thought and career of the Austrian poet, librettist, and essaist Hugo von Hofmannsthal (1874-1929), Broch attempts to define and analyze the major intellectual issues of the European fin de siècle, a period that he characterizes according to the Nietzschean concepts of the breakdown of rationality and the loss of a central value system. The result is a major examination of European thought as well as a comparative study of political systems and artistic styles.
Broch was born in Vienna to a prosperous Jewish family and worked for some time in his family's factory in Teesdorf, though he maintained his literary interests privately. He attended a technical college for textile manufacture and a spinning and weaving college. Later, in 1927, he sold the textile factory and decided to study mathematics, philosophy and psychology at the University of Vienna.
In 1909 he converted to Roman Catholicism and married Franziska von Rothermann, the daughter of a knighted manufacturer. This marriage dured until 1923.
He started as a full-time writer when he was 40. When "The Sleepwalkers," his first novel, was published, he was 45. The year was 1931.
In 1938, when the Nazis annexed Austria, he emigrated to Britain after he was briefly arrested. After this, he moved to the United States. In his exile, he helped other persecuted Jews.
In 1945 was published his masterpiece, "The Dead of Virgil." After this, he started an essay on mass behaviour, which remained unfinished.
Broch died in 1951 in New Haven, Connecticut. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize and considered one of the major Modernists.
Naturalismo, impressionismo, simbolismo, kitch, filisteismo, Nietzsche, Wagner, Rilke, Krauss, Vienna, Burgtheater, Jugendstil, art pour l'art. Queste sono soltanto alcune delle parole e dei nomi chiave che tessono l'intricata rete di discorsi che costituiscono questo magnifico saggio di Hermann Broch. Tale scritto non può essere considerato un semplice saggio critico sulla figura dello scrittore e poeta , del quale in verità - come ci rivela la postfazione di Paul Michael Lützeler- importava ben poco all'autore. Sarebbe più opportuno considerare questo libro come una testimonianza autobiografica dello stesso Broch, su uno spaccato storico che va dalla metà del XIX secolo sino ai primi decenni del XX secolo, e che traccia con grande accuratezza i cambiamenti di una società europea sull'orlo del declino, il cui epicentro fu la Vienna di Francesco Giuseppe I. A partire proprio da Vienna, l'autore sonda attraverso un sistematico approccio deduttivo, il corso storico di quegli anni, denunciando un'involuzione sociale e politica che si riflette in maniera differente nelle più importanti discipline artistiche dell'epoca, ovvero il teatro e la musica a Vienna e l'arte pittorica in Francia; Mentre la letteratura - intrinsecamente naturalistica - viene a trovarsi difronte l'arduo compito di sostanziare con i suoi propri e unici strumenti (razionali) qualcosa di vacuo e astratto, ovvero quel vuoto di valori in cui stagna l'intera società austriaca di fine secolo.